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Cry of Dolores
The Cry of Dolores ((スペイン語:Grito de Dolores)) was uttered from the small town of Dolores, near Guanajuato in Mexico, on September 16, 1810. It is the event that is considered the beginning of the Mexican War of Independence. The "grito" was the ''pronunciamiento'' of the Mexican War of Independence by Miguel Hidalgo y Costilla, a Roman Catholic priest. Since October 1825, the anniversary of the event is celebrated as Mexican Independence Day.
==The event==
Miguel Hidalgo and several criollos were involved in a planned revolt against the Spanish colonial government, when several plotters were killed. Fearing his arrest,〔Kirkwood, Burton (2000). History of Mexico. Westport, CT, USA: Greenwood Publishing Group, Incorporated. ISBN 978-0-313-30351-7.〕 Hidalgo commanded his brother Mauricio, as well as Ignacio Allende and Mariano Abasolo to go with a number of other armed men to make the sheriff release the pro-independence inmates there on the early morning of September the 16. They managed to set eighty free.〔Sosa, Francisco (1985) (in Spanish). Biografias de Mexicanos Distinguidos-Miguel Hidalgo. 472. Mexico City: Editorial Porrúa SA. pp. 288-292. ISBN 968-452-050-6.〕 Around 6:00 am on September 16, 1810, Hidalgo ordered the church bells to be rung and gathered his congregation. Flanked by Allende and Juan Aldama, he addressed the people in front of his church, urging them to revolt.
The Siege of Guanajuato, the first major engagement of the insurgency, occurred 4 days later. Mexico's independence would not be effectively declared from Spain in the Declaration of Independence of the Mexican Empire until September 28, 1821, after a decade of war. Former royal officer Augustín de Iturbide in alliance with insurgents including Vicente Guerrero achieved Mexican independence, but Hidalgo is credited as being the "father of his country."〔Virginia Guedea, "Miguel Hidalgo y Costilla" in ''Encyclopedia of Mexico'', Chicago: Fitzroy Dearborn 1997, p. 640.〕
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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